Words to learn:
冬季奥运会（冬奥会）
黑科技
低碳环保
2月4日晚，北京冬奥会开幕式在国家体育场成功举行。晶莹玉白的冰雪世界中，“绿色”始终是本届冬奥会的最亮底色。绿色、开放、共享的理念离不开中国自主创新的“黑科技”。
On the evening of February 4, the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics was successfully held at the National Stadium, marking the official opening of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. In this crystal world of ice and snow, the color of “green” has made itself one of the brightest sights of this Winter Olympics. The concept of green, open and sharing couldn’t be translated without the “Black Magics” of China’s newest innovations.
【篮球馆6小时变身冰球馆】：北京冬奥会新建和改扩建场馆均致力于综合利用和低碳使用，充分利用2008年既有奥运场馆和设施。比如，五棵松体育中心曾是2008年北京奥运会篮球比赛场馆，赛后成为中国篮球最重要的场馆，仅需6个小时就能变为冰球场地。
【6 hours to transform a basketball stadium into a rink】 All stadiums, brand-new or renovated, of the Beijing Winter Olympics are committed to the purpose of multi- utilization and low-carbon consumption. For example, the Wukesong Sports Center used to be the venue for the 2008 Beijing Olympics basketball competition. After the game, it became the most important venue for basketball in China. Now, it can be converted into an ice hockey rink in 6 hours.
【零碳“冰丝带”替换氟利昂】国家速滑馆“冰丝带”采用目前世界上最先进环保的二氧化碳跨临界直冷制冰技术，替代破坏臭氧层气体的氟利昂，使得碳排放值趋近于零，能效提升20%以上。这是全世界首次将这种制冰技术应用在大型公共建筑上。
【The zero-Carbon “Ice Ribbon” to replace Freon】The National Speed Skating Hall “Ice Ribbon” adopts the world’s most advanced and environmentally friendly carbon dioxide transcritical direct cooling ice-making technology to replace Freon, which destroys the ozone layer gas, The technology cut the carbon emission to zero, while the energy efficiency increases by more than 20%. This is the first time for the ice-making technology to be applied to a large public building.
THE NATIONAL SPEED SKATING HALL “ICE RIBBON” IS LOCATED IN OLYMPIC FOREST PARK, BEIJING.
【智能“变频”造雪省水源】赛场上，北京冬奥会人工造雪系统采用了先进的高效节水人工造雪设备和智能化造雪系统，根据外界环境动态保持最佳造雪效率，避免造雪浪费水资源。
【Water saving intelligent snowmaking system】The snowmaking system on field adopts advanced water-efficient equipment and intelligent system, enabling it to maintain the most ideal snowmaking efficiency in line with the dynamics of the external environment, so as to avoid water wasting.
【氢燃料余热为汽车保暖】赛场外，中国自主研发的氢燃料电池汽车利用燃料电池发电过程中的余热对车辆在冬季进行加热，做到绿色、安全、便捷。
【Waste heat from hydrogen fuel keeps vehicles warm】Beyond the field, the hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, independently developed by China, use waste heat from fuel cell power generation to heat the vehicle in winter, ensuring the process green, safe and convenient.
HYDROGEN FUEL-CELL BUS IS BEING REFUELED AT THE STATE POWER INVESTMENT CORPORATION YANQINGYUAN HYDROGEN REFUELING STATION.
【大火炬的“微”排放】北京冬奥会的主火炬是冬奥历史上首支氢燃料火炬。作为燃料的氢气绿色、环保、无污染，但易燃、易爆、易泄漏，控制难度大。为此，航天科技集团六院11所（京）和六院101所组成火炬研制团队，历经约两年技术攻关，解决了氢火焰可视性、氢安全利用、氢燃料储存等多个难题，使得火炬具备良好的环境适应性能。开幕式上，中国更采取了前所未有的主火炬点火方式：没有“点”的过程，也没有盛大的火焰，只是一团“微火”。它产生的碳排放量大概是2008年北京奥运会上的五千分之一。“无论你喜欢还是不喜欢，它传达的低碳环保的理念是如此清晰。”开幕式总导演张艺谋说。此后的奥运会，如果想做一次低碳环保的实验，请参照北京冬奥。
【“Micro” emissions from huge torch /Huge torch produces “micro” emissions】In the history of Winter Olympics, the main torch of Beijing Winter Olympic Games is the first one to be fueled by hydrogen. This eco-friendly fuel is green and non-polluting, but is difficult to control, because it’s flammable, explosive and easy to leak. For this reason, the torch development team, formed by No. 11 Institute (Beijing) and No.101 Institute of the 6th Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp, worked hard on technical research. After about two years, they solved a lot of problems, achieving hydrogen flame visibility, safe utilization, proper storage, etc. In consequence, the torch can well adapt to the environment.
In addition, at the opening ceremony, China adopted an unprecedented way of lighting the flame of the main torch: there was no ignition, nor a grand burning flame, just a “micro-fire”. It produced about 1/5,000 of the carbon emissions of the 2008 Beijing Olympics. For the Olympic Games thereafter, if they want to conduct a low-carbon experiment, Beijing Winter Olympics can be followed as an example.
THE SMALL FLAME INSIDE A GIANT SNOWFLAKE WHICH BECAME THE CAULDRON